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古建新生:将音乐融入古建

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每当王深上班经过北京繁华的金融街时,她都会瞥见妙应寺的白塔。尽管近在咫尺,她却从未踏入其中。最终吸引她进入妙应寺的 ,是一场在寺内举办的名为“古老的回答”的音乐会。王深告诉CGTN,那天妙应寺的红墙黄瓦在阳光下闪耀,金色的银杏叶和葱郁浓绿的松柏相映成辉,白塔散发着庄严而神秘的气息;当蒙古族摇滚乐队“杭盖”在七佛宝殿前吟唱《白塔》《金秋》时,历史、音乐、自然完成了奇妙的融合。

Working as a mutual fund investment manager, Wang Shen frequently passes through Beijing's bustling Financial Street. Each time she is there, she catches a glimpse of the White Stupa from outside the Miaoying Temple. Despite its proximity, her hurried steps had never taken her inside. What finally drew her in was a concert held at the temple, titled "Ancient Answers."

In Wang's recollection of that day, the Miaoying Temple gleamed with a dignified and mysterious aura under the golden leaves. Its red walls and yellow tiles sparkled in the sunlight, while the surrounding pines and cypress trees deepened to a rich green in the autumn breeze. The songs "White Pagoda" and "Golden Autumn" blended seamlessly with the temple.

The ethnic Mongolian rock band, Hang Gai, was performing in front of the Yuan Dynasty building, which dates back 750 years. Wang told CGTN that the allure of the historic temple intensified the music-induced journey back in time to the heyday of that dynasty.

"As their voices soared, I looked up to the sky, where ravens flew by," Wang said. "I was moved to tears, as I felt that deep sense of spirituality – humanity's reverence for nature and the peace it brings."

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这场神奇的音乐会是2023年的“古建音乐季”的活动之一。古建音乐季于2021年秋季首次亮相,由北京市文物局和东城区政府等支持主办的、遗产活化方面的创新之举。音乐季的主要组成部分是一场场小而雅的音乐会,同时诗歌朗诵、舞蹈、戏剧、表演艺术和论坛等元素也被融入其中,为参与观众提供了多层次、综合的人文体验。音乐季活动的举办地点都是具有标志性的历史建筑,以东城区为原点,聚合北京中轴线沿线历史遗迹,如天坛、钟鼓楼、宏恩观、白塔寺、先农坛等。

“音乐是流动的建筑,建筑是凝固的音乐,” 中国著名建筑师、建筑历史学家,“现代中国建筑之父”梁思成的这个描述生动诠释了音乐与建筑的关系。人类在将音乐与古建结合的道路上进行过诸多尝试,其中不乏名声斐然的世界知名音乐会,如在古圆形斗兽场举行的意大利“维罗纳歌剧节”和法国的普罗旺斯-埃克斯国际艺术节。

“空间是一种载体”,古建音乐季的发起人姚瑛说,“其实就是在这样的载体里,用音乐、艺术、诗歌、戏剧等更柔性的方式,使得空间本身的建筑功能予以展开,历史的厚度予以铺展,文化的鉴赏予以更实像化。无论是我们的艺术表演者还是我们的观众、听众,都能葆有一份走入空间本身的敬畏感或者仪式感,更好地体验未经现代技术加工的艺术本身带来的精神愉悦,同时打开眼观、心观、耳观等多重体验,对建筑本身代表的故事和过去产生更多的好奇,用真实的历史去感染每个沉浸其中的观众,推动更多的人加入遗产空间和非物质文化遗产的关注、热爱、保护和传承。”

Liang Sicheng, a renowned Chinese architect and architectural historian often referred to as the "father of modern Chinese architecture," once said, "Music is flowing architecture; architecture is frozen music." And his insight perfectly encapsulates the connection between music and architecture – a relationship humanity has long embraced.

"Space is a vessel," Yao told CGTN. "It is a silent storyteller brimming with history, echoing with the voices of those who once walked its halls, and teeming with tales yearning to be told to the world."

"Through the magic of music and the touch of artistic intervention, we breathe life into these timeless narratives, unveiling the secrets and emotions etched into the very walls," she added, her passion to celebrate architecture with art clearly visible.

姚瑛认为中国古建的厚重底蕴、神秘深邃的气质,可以作为音乐的完美载体。音乐季每一场演出,都是根据前期对古建的声学结构、历史文化功能进行调研后确定的,包括用什么样的音乐家、做什么样的表演形式。这样的努力取得了良好的效果。很多观众在参与之后给组委会写的信笺中表达了自己的感动。

“永乐帝为皇孙朱瞻基所建宫苑、朱祁镇瓦剌归来后被软禁处及‘夺门之变’发生处、多尔衮王府……有幸在传奇的‘南宫’普度寺里听周云蓬吟唱《九月》,五级西北风把歌里的诗意卷到天上,绝无仅有,冻人动心。相信很多年后还会记得那天,风那么冷,心真的热。”观众吴江在信中写道。

"From the threads a mother's hand weaves, a gown for the parting son is made" – This was a line from one of Zhou's songs, which is a famous couplet from a thousand-year-old Tang Dynasty poem "Song of the Parting Son."

"Unforgettable and truly unique. I believe I will remember that day for years to come — piercing was the wind, yet warm was my heart," she wrote in her letter to the project's organizing committee.

清华大学教授、清华国家遗产中心主任、国际古迹遗址理事会(中国)副主席吕舟是音乐季的常客。他不仅是以专家身份进行演讲的嘉宾,更是音乐会的忠实观众。“其实今天的人跟古建筑之间不应该有隔阂,因为它是我们生活的环境;和传统音乐不应当有隔阂,因为它是我们文化基因中的旋律,”吕教授说。

Lyu Zhou, the director of the National Heritage Center at Tsinghua University and vice president of the International Council on Monuments and Sites (China), is a familiar face at such events. He is a recurrent presence not just as a guest giving talks, but also as an attendee enjoying the concerts.

"There should be no barriers between people and ancient architecture today, because it constitutes our living environment. Likewise, there should be no barriers between people and traditional music as it embodies the melody within our cultural DNA," he said.

音乐季不仅给观众带来了感动,也深刻地影响着前来表演的艺术家们。歌手、诗人、摄影家宋松告诉CGTN,尽管他以前在音乐厅和自然环境中都表演过,但在戒台寺的表演是他首次在历史建筑中演出。

“我的很多⾳乐是以即兴创作的形式表达的,会在现场随机选⽤⾃⼰平时积累的词句,那天在表演⼀个作品时,⻛吹散了乐谱上的词谱,⼀张乐谱正好落在脚下,⽽呈现的词句正好和进⾏的乐句的合拍,并⼀直⾛完。那个场⾯带给我神启般的感动。” 宋松说,“古建筑⾃带的历史积淀对我的⾳乐再创作有很微妙的启发;让我有⼀种和历史对话,融⼊历史的感觉。”

"The relationship between music and the environment that hosts it is clearly interactive," Song said. "The historical richness inherent in ancient architecture subtly fuels my musical reinterpretations. It allows me to enter in a dialogue with history, to feel immersed in its narrative."

"This musical experience provides me with a clearer understanding of what my inner self longs to hear," Song said.

作为“遗产活化”的一次成功尝试,音乐季已经扩展到福建省泉州市,并计划今年晚些时候在云南省举行活动。“我们希望提供更多的机会让中国的艺术家走进老祖宗的瑰宝里创作和演出,同时也吸引更多全球的艺术家来中国的古建里交流,用音乐和艺术这样的无国界语言来讲中国故事,” 姚瑛说。

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