转自：CGTN
编者按：“决策者”（DecisionMakers）是一个全球平台，供决策者分享他们对当今世界重大事件的见解。作者刘华是世界知识产权组织中国办事处主任。文章仅代表作者观点，而非本台观点。
Editor's note: Decision Makers is a global platform for decision makers to share their insights on events shaping today's world. Liu Hua is the director of World Intellectual Property Organization Office in China. The article reflects the author's opinions and not necessarily the views of CGTN.
当前的国际发展趋势为知识产权体系建设和全球知识产权治理带来了新的挑战和机遇。百年未有之大变局和新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行交织叠加，使得世界充满不确定性，但可以肯定的是，知识产权未来在重建经济和实现可持续发展中的作用将继续提升。
The current international development trends bring new challenges and opportunities for building the intellectual property (IP) system and global IP governance. The world is full of uncertainties on account of changes unseen in a century, as well as the global pandemic outbreak, but what is certain is that the role of IP will continue to rise in rebuilding the economy and achieving sustainable development.
世界知识产权组织是联合国负责知识产权与创新、创造的专门机构，也是一座富含知识财富的金矿。作为世界知识产权组织在中国的延伸，世界知识产权组织驻华办事处(WOC)致力于向内和向外两大方向开展工作。向外，推动中国在世界舞台上的创新发展；向内，推广WIPO全球知识产权保护和服务体系，从而促进中国经济社会的发展。
As the specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for IP, innovations and creativity, the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is often referred as a golden knowledge asset. As an extension of WIPO in China, the work of the WIPO Office in China (WOC) is twofold, both inward and outward. By outward, the WOC promotes China's innovative development on the world stage; and by inward, the WOC promotes WIPO's global IP protection services to contribute to China's economic and social development.
中国已成为全球创新格局的重要一极
China has become an important pole in the global innovations' landscape
随着全球创新集群东移至亚洲，中国逐渐成为全球创新格局中的重要一极，奠定了全球创新领导者的地位。中国在2021年全球创新指数(GII 2021)中排名第12位，在本国专利、商标、工业品外观设计申请量和创意产品出口等指标方面均居世界首位，工业品外观设计申请量占全球申请总量的55%。中国是GII前15强中唯一的中等收入经济体，且正在敲响GII前10强的大门。2022年，中国首次拥有与美国同样多的顶级科技集群，各为21个；世界十大顶级科技集群中，中国占据三席，“深圳-香港-广州”、“北京”、“上海-苏州”分别位居第2、第3、第6位。
With the eastward shift of the cluster of innovations in Asia, China has gradually become an important pole in the global innovations' landscape, establishing itself as a global innovations' leader. China rose to the 12th place in the Global Innovation Index 2021 (GII 2021), ranking first in the world in terms of the filings of patents, trademarks and industrial designs by origin and the creative goods exports, with industrial design applications accounting for 55 percent of all global filings. China is the only middle-income economy in the GII Top 15 and is knocking on the door of the GII Top 10. In 2022, for the first time, China has as many top science and technology clusters as the U.S., with 21 apiece; China holds three of the world's top 10 top science and technology clusters, with Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou, Beijing and Shanghai-Suzhou ranked second, third and sixth respectively.
同时，知识产权在中国建设创新型国家的进程中发挥着巨大潜力。近年来，中国政府在知识产权领域颁布了一系列重要政策性文件，建立健全知识产权保护和应用体系已列入“十四五”规划；《知识产权强国建设纲要（2021-2035年）》提出了建设中国特色、世界水平的知识产权强国这一总体目标，《“十四五”国家知识产权保护和运用规划》对中国未来五年的知识产权工作进行了全面部署，提出了到2025年每万人拥有12件高价值发明专利的目标。
Meanwhile, IP has great potential in China's journey to build an innovative-oriented country. In recent years, China has promulgated important policy documents in the field of IP. Building a sound system for IP protection and application has been included in the 14th Five-Year Plan. The Guidelines for Building a Powerful Intellectual Property Nation (2021-2035) sets out the overall goal of building a world-class IP power with Chinese characteristics. The 14th Five-Year National Plan for the Intellectual Property Protection and Application draws comprehensive plans for China's IP work in the next five years, setting a target of 12 high-value invention patents per 10,000 people by 2025.
中国在知识产权保护和知识产权商业化方面取得了不俗的成绩。令人可喜的是，2022年5月5日《工业品外观设计国际注册海牙协定》在中国正式生效。当日，中国企业就通过海牙体系提交了100多件外观设计国际申请，充分体现了中国企业对知识产权保护工作的高度重视，以及中国企业积极融入全球知识产权生态系统的强烈意愿。
China has made notable achievements in IP protections and commercialization. It is encouraging to observe that on May 5, 2022, when the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs officially entered into force in the country, Chinese companies filed more than 100 international applications for industrial designs through the Hague System, demonstrating much importance that Chinese companies attach to IP protections and their strong willingness to integrate into the global IP ecosystem.
地标保护为中国乡村振兴保驾护航
Geographical indications protection underpins China's rural revitalization campaign
当今消费品市场以品质为导向，原产地名称和地理标志是强大的品牌营销工具，可以满足市场对基于传统原产地的优质产品日益增长的需求。同时，地理标志作为最古老的无形财产形式和重要的知识产权形式之一，能够帮助提升产品原产地的国际知名度和国际竞争力。
In today's quality-oriented consumer goods market, appellations of origin and geographical indications (GIs) are powerful branding and marketing tools that can meet the growing market demand for quality products based on their traditional origins. Meanwhile, GIs, as one of the oldest forms of intangible property and a crucial feature of IP, can enhance the international visibility and competitiveness of a product's place of origin.
中国是一个有着五千年文化积淀的文明古国，有着悠久的农业和手工业发展历史。中国盛产的高品质农产品、手工艺品很多已经在国际上得到了一致认可和好评。普洱茶、哈密瓜、蓝田玉、镇江香醋、吴江丝绸、库尔勒香梨、景德镇瓷器、阳澄湖大闸蟹、鄂尔多斯细毛羊等等一系列中国地标已然成为优质产品的代名词。
China is an ancient civilization with 5,000 years of cultural history and long history of agricultural and handicraft development. Many high-quality agricultural products and handicrafts produced in China have earned international recognition and reputation. A series of Chinese GIs seen in local specialties, such as Pu'er tea, Hami melon, Lantian jade, Zhenjiang vinegar, Wujiang silk, Korla pear, Jingdezhen porcelain, Yangcheng Lake hairy crab, Ordos fine wool sheep, have become the synonyms of sound quality.
地标保护已成为中国促进脱贫攻坚、乡村振兴和城乡融合，走共同发展道路的有效路径。2020年12月，WIPO中国办事处曾到访湖南省张家界市桑植县，调研地理标志产品“桑植粽叶”案例。由于知识产权的加持，桑植成为全国最大的粽叶出口基地，产品出口到东南亚等地的16个国家和地区，年销售量达8000吨以上，年销售总产值达1.2亿多元(约合1700万美元)。因此，地理标志保护成为当地消除贫困、增加收入、实现绿色发展的有效手段。
GI protection has become an effective path for China to engage in poverty alleviation, rural revitalization and urban-rural integration, with the potential of leading to common development. In December 2020, the WOC visited Sangzhi County in the city of Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, for the field research of the GI product "Sangzhi reed leaves." As a beneficiary of the IP system, Sangzhi County has become the largest export base for reed leaves, which are exported to 16 countries and regions including Southeast Asia, with an annual sales volume of over 8,000 tons and total revenue of over 120 million Chinese yuan (about $17 million). Therefore, GI protection has become an effective means to eliminate poverty, increase income and achieve green development in the local area.
同时，地标保护也为中国品牌实现品牌溢价和规模化发展提供了有效助推。2020年9月12日，中国与欧盟签署《中欧地理标志协定》，2021年3月1日正式生效。该协定是中国与外方签署的第一个全面的、高水平的地理标志保护双边协定，体现了中国对推动中国丰富地理标志资源“走出去”的决心，也体现了中欧经贸合作的进一步加强。入选首批中欧地理标志产品互认互保名录的“潜江龙虾”，2022年其品牌价值达到288.9亿元(约合41.2亿美元)，同比增长14.7%，还成为2022年北京冬奥会小龙虾唯一供应地。
Moreover, GI protection also provide a boost for Chinese brands to gain brand premiums and scale up production and sales. On September 14, 2020, China and the European Union signed the China-EU Agreement on Geographical Indications, which came into effect on March 1, 2021. This agreement is China’s first comprehensive and high-level bilateral agreement on GI protection. It reflects the country's commitment to amplify the attractiveness of its rich GI resources in the global market; it also reflects the strengthening of China-EU economic and trade cooperation. The "Qianjiang crayfish," which was selected for the first batch of GI products protected and recognized in China and EU markets, has a brand value of 28.89 billion Chinese yuan (about $4.12 billion) in 2022, up 14.7 percent YoY. Qianjiang County also served as the sole source of crayfish supply for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
中国地域广袤，资源丰富，历史悠久，产生了大批具有鲜明地域特点的农、林、牧、渔产品及传统工艺产品，这些产品的特点使其自然地形成品牌效益，并开发成为地理标志产品，其中很多都是当地经济的重要组成部分甚至是支柱产业，极具进军国际市场的潜力，成为当地的福音。
With its vast territory, diverse resources and long history of development, China has produced a large number of local specialties with distinctive regional characteristics in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and traditional crafts. Their special qualities have granted themselves brand premiums and have been developed into GI products, many of which are a major part of the local economy or even pillar industries, with tremendous potential to enter the international market and turn into a boon for the local area.
WIPO希望与中国在地理标志保护方面开展合作，并提供支持，共同促进具有独特品质和中国特色的地理标志产品走向国际市场，让更多的中国地理标志产品能够通过WIPO的里斯本国际原产地名称和地理标志体系走向世界。
WIPO looks forward to cooperating with China in the protection of GIs and providing support to jointly promote GI products with unique qualities and Chinese characteristics in the international market, so that more Chinese GI products can reach the world's markets through the Lisbon system – the International System of Appellations of Origin and Geographical Indications administered by WIPO.
回望过去50年，中国一直是WIPO相关工作的主要贡献者。WIPO旨在建设一个平衡、包容、充满活力又具有前瞻性的全球知识产权生态体系，并在人工智能、大数据、区块链等新技术新风口与中国加强合作，共同打造国际知识产权发展的新高地，加强区域合作，携手谱写发展的新篇章。
Looking back over the past 50 years, China has been a major contributor to the work of WIPO. WIPO is committed to build an inclusive, balanced, vibrant and forward-looking global IP ecosystem, and will also strengthen cooperation with China on new technologies, such as in artificial intelligence, big data and blockchain, working together on international IP development and ushering in a new chapter of development together.
